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BBC radio,
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Channel 4 TV, UK | Birmingham GRID for Learning, UK | UK joint university database | Argentina's national paper | SBC Education Blue Ribbon HOT site, USA | SovLit, Harvard Univ, USA |
1. Imperialism: theory and practice
The 19th Century theoretical basis
 casahistoria
home
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caféhistoria
for updates and current topic news 2. The European experience - Continental Europe |
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 British imperialism
For
British imperialism go
to the extensive casahistoria site.
Sections on: The Growth of Empire; Living in the Empire; Territories & regions of influence; British India; General sites on the British Empire. |
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Leopold
II a brief bio. and
another from
Wikipaedia § - King Leopold's Ghost A review of Adam Hochschild's book on the Belgian atrocities in the Congo. The book is essential reading - a story of greed, terror and heroism in colonial Africa. Depressingly, the final two chapters make it clear how the same pattern of exploitation and cruelty was common across colonial Africa.
- Adam Hochschild -- King Leopold's Ghost a review, but contains a good narrative account of the books main story.
- Leopold & ED Morel Surprisingly(?) balanced account of the conflict over Leopold's Congo and the rubber exploitation from BouncingBalls, a rubber industry site
- The Congo Atrocities: The Casement Report extracts from the 1904 report of the British Consul, Roger Casement, on the Administration of the Congo Free State. Casement, executed later in World War 1 for treason as an Irish nationalist was instrumental in bringing the cruelty of the Congo to world notice.
- History of the Congo Created by literature majors at the Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, this is the history background to their hypertext annotation of Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
- The reform movement in the United States By Jim Zwick. Highlights the role of William Morrison, Mark Twain & Booker T. Washington's (but not the crucial role of William H Sheppard). From Boondocks, but spoilt by so many pop-ups..
- The Kodak vs. the King Good illustrated powerpoint type item on the influence of photographic evidence in the Congo reform movement. Click for full screen view. from the same college source see also these two accounts of the Congo before 1914:
- Tranquebar - The Danish East India Company 1616 - 1669 Essay by Peter Ravn Rasmussen indicates how widespread early European expansion was. University of Copenhagen in spring 1996.
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Dutch
& Portuguese imperial history A huge site focused on Dutch and
Portuguese trading companies, worldwide. Scroll down the excellent
links on the home page for quite specific information about
individual trading posts and settlements. An excellent link page
gives links to related sites in the Dutch and Portuguese empires
- VOC (Dutch East
India Company) Massive resource site of (multi lingual) articles on the
VOC and The East Indies
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Dutch East India Company (the VOC), is covered in this compact (mostly
Dutch) site by Stefan Deconinck. §
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Growth of the Dutch Empire in the East Indies. Outline history from
Network
Indonesia history site. Includes sections on:
- The Dutch & The
Indonesian Archipelago, to 1700 Looks at Dutch expansion into the
Indonesian archipelago, highlighting relations between Dutch, Muslims &
Hindus. Straightforward basic account from the
Frank E. Smitha history
sites.
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Dutch
Footprints Along the Irrawaddy Useful review of a relatively unknown
incursion by the Dutch based on Wil O Dijk’s study of the colonial power
that dominated Burma, or at least foreign trade with Burma, from the decline
of Portugal’s maritime power in the mid 17th century to the rise of the
British Empire in Asia in the 18th and 19th centuries. -
Dutch
Imperialism: 1830 to 1910 Part of a history of Indonesia by
Sejarah Indonesia
- The Royal
Dutch Geographical Society and the Dutch East Indies, 1873-1914: from
colonial lobby to colonial hobby. Paul van der Velde published in Geography
and Imperialism 1820-1940 An interesting article on the pressure groups
behind expansion.
- The Black
Dutchmen: The Story of African Soldiers in The Netherlands East Indies
Between 1831 and 1872 some 3,000 African recruits sailed from Elmina to
Batavia. this is the story of why they came and what happened to them. By
Ineke van Kessel
- 1830-1910.
Imperialism and Modernisation in the Dutch East Indies. Very detailed
timeline format of the key stages. From
Sejarah Indonesia
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Photos and images of the Dutch East Indies interesting collection
showing life in the colonies
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The
French in West Africa:
Early Contact to Independence Stephen Wooten Department of
Anthropology University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign
- Colonizing and Decolonizing French Algeria Basic but thoroughly supported outline from SEMP, US academic study agency.
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Voyages en
Afrique Useful site in French but even if you have no French
to access the well set out and linked 900 documents it is still
very useful for its collection of images and maps illustrating
French African exploration and colonial history. Now deleted .
This is from the Wayback machine. Most links are active but may
be slow to load.
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 Indochina go to the
casahistoria site for links to French involvement in Indo China:
origins and collapse. |
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Imperialism: A German Viewpoint The
following extract from Friedrich Fabri's book Does Germany Need
Colonies, published in 1879, makes the German argument for
colonial expansion, one similar to those made by English and
French writers of the period. -
Image Collection of German Colonial Society. Based at
Frankfurt Uni. Searchable image archive (in German) - German Colonial Archives. Excellent Resource. The Center for Research Libraries holds a number of resources relating to Germany’s foreign affairs and colonial operations. These primary and secondary sources illuminate the German experience of colonialism.
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German Colonial Architecture in Togo from
UNESCO. Something different ..... §
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Winterton Collection: Photos of European East Africa
Northwestern University Library of more than 7,600 photos
chronicling the European colonization of East Africa between
1860 and 1960. Taken by European explorers, colonial officials,
settlers, missionaries, military officials, travellers, and
early commercial photographers, the photos document the changing
relationships among Africans and between Africans and Europeans
during a period of dramatic change. Excellent resource assembled
by the British collector Humphrey Winterton.
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A Colonial Architecture Adapted to Cameroon's Climate and the same again ... Both are good ways to look at
European adaptation to the colonies. §
- The Herero Rebellion (1904) Documents concerning the brutal retaliation of the German commander in the field, General von Trotha, to the Herero tribal rising in modern Namibia. This produced what has been described as the first genocide of the twentieth century.........
- Remembering the Herero Rebellion", useful, illustrated article from Deutsche Welle on the 100th anniversary of the Herero Rebellion
- Imperialism and Genocide in Namibia left wing view taking the argument that the Herero massacre was indicative of later German racial policies. By Tom Sanders, Socialist Action.
- Namibia 1904, Detailed essay from the Peace Pledge Union.
- The Herero Holocaust? The Disputed History Of The 1904 Genocide Written from Winhoek, this argues against a recent German paper by Klaus Lorenz at the University of Hamburg which denies a massacre.... By Jeremy Silvester, Werner Hillebrecht & Casper Erichsen.
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Atrocities
committed on the Herero people during the suppression of
their uprising in German South West Africa 1904-1907? An analysis of the
latest accusations against Germany and an investigation on the
credibility and justification of the demands for reparation. Speech by
Dr. Claus Nordbruch
Portugal & Spain
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 Catholic
Missions in Latin America
For extensive links to the early history of
European imperialism in Latin America go to the casahistoria site. |
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casahistoria
home
visit
caféhistoria
for updates and current topic news3. The European experience in Africa
See also the individual countries in
section 2.
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Africa & Europe (1800-1914) part of the BBC Story of Africa site this attempts to look at the nineteenth century in Africa from an African as well as European perspective. Sections include:
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Europeans in Africa: European Imperialism 15th - early 19th
centuries Set out in the form of a detailed timeline with links
to articles. By Central Oregon
Community College
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Colonial
Africa Lecture which gives a brief, but valuable overview of
origins & impact. By Professor Gerhard
Rempel, Western New England College. -
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French Colonialism This speech by Jules Ferry, who was prime
minister of France twice during the 1880s, conveys the attitude
of Europeans to colonisation in Africa.
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Speaking
with Vampires: Rumor and History in Colonial Africa During
the colonial period, Africans told each other terrifying rumours
that Africans who worked for white colonists captured unwary
residents and took their blood........ By
Luise White (Univ of California, 2000) - Congo Expedition
May 1909 - November 1915 American Museum of
Natural History exhibit on the US expedition. Very well
produced. Lavish visual. oral and documentary examples as well
as maps, and images. Gives a good flavour of the Congo habitat
at the time
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Colonising
Egypt Timothy Mitchell examines the
peculiarity of Western conceptions of order and truth through a
re-reading of Europe's colonial encounter with
nineteenth-century Egypt. (University
of California ,1991)
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Colonisation of Liberia
Colonisation with a difference: The American Colonization
Society was founded in 1817 with the aim of returning
African-Americans to Africa. In 1822 it established a colony in
West Africa, which became Liberia in 1847. By 1867 more than
13,000 African-Americans had moved there. A Library of Congress
Resource Guide for the Study of Black History & Culture.
casahistoria
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for updates and current topic news4. Gunboat Diplomacy
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French
Gunboat Diplomacy in Siam 1893 - British bombardment of Zanzibar 1896 Brief description, but a good example of gunboat diplomacy From rehosted ironcladpirate site
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International attack on China's Taku Forts during the Boxer
Rebellion, 1900 The Europeans line up against the Chinese
in concerted gunboat diplomacy. Well presented site. Images.
Good contemporary maps to examine. Main source - 'The Boxer
Rebellion' by Richard O'Connor
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Ship
duels: Panther (Germany) vs. Crete a Pierot (Haiti) 1902
Brief description, but a good example of gunboat diplomacy in
the Caribbean - yes it is the same Panther of Agadir fame...
From
casahistoria
home
visit
caféhistoria
for updates and current topic newsthe casahistoria imperialism core sites:
Imperialism home
British
Imperialism
USA & Japan,
the latecomers
The
native experience
The anti
colonialists
European
Emigration
Decolonisation casahistoria
home
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caféhistoria
for updates and current topic newsv09.11
